HPS axis dysregulation refers to an imbalance in the hypothalamic-pituitary-suprarenal (HPS) axis, a vital system involved in stress response, metabolism, and hormone regulation. Also commonly called the HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis, this system includes: 1. Hypothalamus - The brain’s control center that signals the pituitary gland to release hormones. 2. Pituitary Gland - Sends signals (like ACTH) to the adrenal glands. 3. Adrenal Glands (suprarenal glands) - Release stress hormone